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EBOOK SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN SUP. NO. 344 ***


Produced by Olaf Voss, Don Kretz, Juliet Sutherland,
Charles Franks and the DP Team


[Illustration]


SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN SUPPLEMENT NO. 344


NEW YORK, August 5, 1882
Scientific American Supplement. Vol. XIV, No. 344.
Scientific American established 1845
Scientific American Supplement, $5 a year.
Scientific American and Supplement, $7 a year.

* * * * *
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
I. ENGINEERING AND MECHANICS.--The Panama Canal. By
MANUEL EISSLER. I.--Historical notes.--Spanish Discoveries
in Central America.--Early explorations.--Nicaragua
projects.--Panama railway, etc.
Improved Averaging Machine.
Compound Beam Engine. 4 figures.--Borsig's improved
compound beam engine.
Power Hammers with Movable Fulcrum.--By DANIEL
LONGWORTH. 5 figures.
The Bicheroux System of Furnaces Applied to the Puddling of
Iron. 2 figures.
Gessner's Continuous Cloth Pressing Machine. 3 figures.
Novelties in Ring Spindles. 4 figures.
Improvements in Woolen Carding Engines.
II. NATURAL HISTORY.--Metamorphosis of the Deer's
Antlers.--Annual changes. 9 figures.
Monkeys. By A.R. WALLACE.--Comparison of skeletons of man,
orang outang, and chimpanzee.--Other anatomical resemblances
and diversities.
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